SAHO global search

… they could kill with impunity. When mass action campaigns were planned, some argue, hostel inmates were not … not providing new houses in black townships in the 1960s and 1970s, overcrowding became inevitable. Residents …

… eyes of the apartheid government - terrorist. In the early 1960s, Mandela was increasingly on the radar of the apartheid … a troublemaker at first, escalating to a terrorist in the 1960s.This was largely due to the African National Congress … changed, as throughout the 1970s and 1980s, Free Mandela campaigns were run in a variety of countries, driven in a …

… settled by people who were later classified as Coloured. 1960s Boitokong and Hartebeesfontein are established in the 1960s and 1970s. Since they fall on the South African side of … liquor to mineworkers. Soya begins organising clean-up campaigns, closing down shebeens and taking up social issues. …

… due to petty and severe apartheid laws. Between the 1960s and the unbanning of the liberation organisations and … building consisting of only 52 cells and built in the late 1960s specifically for white male political prisoners. At no … them to the gallows on 23 February 1965. There were many campaigns opposing the death penalty and against detention …

… Inactive, if not dead in South Africa during the 1960s and beyond, both sections seem to have been revived in … particularly by the Indian youth, who supported the campaigns of Gandhi and the Congress movement in India. He … It was stated in 1957 that there were to be no centralised campaigns across the country. Instead there were to be …

… and the Pan Africanist Congress (PAC) take up anti-pass campaigns. The Anti-Apartheid Movement (AAM) is formed in …

… and was not active in the Congress Alliance’s major campaigns. Initially 140 people from all over the country … not alleged and [it] had not been proven that any of the campaigns [were] unlawful or that any persons were incited to … but to foment trouble”. Every one of the Congress’s campaigns (in which the participants were “cranks and …

… The 1960s witnessed the banning of both the ANC and the PAC in … and the Pan Africanist Congress (PAC) take up anti-pass campaigns. Brian Percy Bunting is detained by the South … for all White males. Defence spending rocketed during the 1960s from US$63 million at the time of Sharpeville to more …

… Congress Alliance, and took part in many of the resistance campaigns of the 1950s. The state, sensing the threat that an … registered unions. Nevertheless, Sactu’s Pound-a-Day campaigns were spectacularly successful in 1957, but in 1958 … many Sactu leaders and members arrested during the early 1960s, and by 1965 Sactu was decimated, leading to frenetic …

… support to various liberation movements from the early 1960s onwards. Based at a large house at 10 Kropotkina … People’s Union (ZAPU) fighter in the Wankie  and Sipolilo campaigns. After the latter campaigns, the leaders realised that they needed more trained …

… in the RWAFF fought a number of counter-insurgency campaigns against the Japanese and overall served with … details and dynamics of the coups d'état of the late 1960s are not of principal importance to this thesis, …

… are classified as subversive. Prohibited political campaigns include those calling for the release of detainees …

… and electricity. A Post Office was erected in the early 1960s, and a telephone exchange followed soon after. The … railway station, as well as a coal business. By the early 1960s a thriving commercial hub, known as Top Shops by … were being challenged by trade unionists. Thus, campaigns to boycott red meat, Wilson Rowntree and Fattis and …

… in drive-in cinemas, whose popularity soared in the 1960s. (Springbok radio was the English language commercial … generally accompanied by slick and well funded marketing campaigns that got bums onto cinema seats and ensured a good … by massive marketing budgets, and effective marketing campaigns, whereas the SA marketing budgets are small, and …

… who could not be absorbed into Atteridgeville. By the 1960s, there were more than 30 people per stand. This … area’s destruction. The decreased demand for labour by the 1960s prompted the government to revisit areas like Lady … and PAC. The residents were also active participants in campaigns like the Defiance Campaign of 1952 and the Bus …

… outreach, UN partnership While most of the early 1960s trials were indirectly funded by Canon Collins in the … Girlie, who started compiling press clippings in the early 1960s. When they received funding from Sweden they were able … chipping away at the edifice of apartheid. The campaigns against the Tripartite Parliament, the burgeoning …

… did not change radically for the next twenty years, by the 1960s its dialectic had begun to move from its crude … not feature high on the Government agenda. By the early 1960s it had identified nine separate "ethnic" groups and the … against this intimidation, leading to a series of campaigns of civil disobedience and unrest. Faced with …

… into action that same year with a series of sabotage campaigns across major cities in South Africa and also … leading figures in the organisation were arrested in the 1960s and given long sentences or death severely crippling … commanders who were active in the early 1961-64 sabotage campaigns are released from Robben Island. Among them are Joe …

… Boycott Movement.  The Anti-Apartheid Movement vigorously campaigns for sporting, cultural, academic and economic …

… an important symbol for human rights and anti-apartheid campaigns all over the world. People held protest marches, … she was constantly harassed by the Security Police. In the 1960s the ANC moved toward the armed struggle. Umkhonto we … citizen of a country has or should have. In the 1950s and 1960s, Black people in America had to fight for their civil …

… was passed as a response to the ANC‘s civil disobedience campaigns. The Act granted the British governor general … Act and the Transkei Constitution Act were passed in 1963. 1960s Proclamation No 400 and Proclamation No 413 Emergency …

… challenge was to keep up the momentum and organise further campaigns to undermine the apartheid government’s authority. …

… should be taught in Afrikaans. Image source In the 1960s the pursuit of white domination led to a new policy of … particular outrage occurred in the second half of the 1960s, when 65 000 Coloured people from District Six, a … for all South African people. He organized non-violent campaigns to raise voice against discriminatory laws and …

… the early 1960's when these had been part of the sabotage campaigns of the time. Events in the Eastern Cape indicate …

… a wretched condition that any further organised military campaigns were out of the question. The following year …

…   1959 The ANC and PAC organised separate anti-pass campaigns. Dr. H.F. Verwoerd announces the plan to remove all …

… was passed as a response to the ANC?s civil disobedience campaigns. The Act granted the British governor general …

… a long life, and passed away at the age of 102 in the 1960s. The main street in Rustenburg was named after her in … which organised annual soccer festivals and fund-raising campaigns. In 1972, a preschool facility was established, …

… to the metropolitan population of the city right up to the 1960s, when the rapid growth of Soweto under apartheid … that time, the grassing over of the mine dumps in the 1960s, and their total removal in the 1990s, has fostered the … (ANC) and Pan-Africanist Congress (PAC) began organising campaigns of resistance against continued White political, …

… of armed activity THE PAC's ROLE IN THE 1970S AND 1980S (campaigns, leadership and camps in exile)   State security … and was used substantially in anti-apartheid campaigns. Copies of Resister were also circulated among the … South Africa. It had lacked this capacity since the early 1960s, after which its central concern had been the …