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… weeks service. May 21, Sends greetings to Queen Victoria on her birthday. August 14, Defends indentured Indian, … without permission. 1901 January 23, Conveys condolences on behalf of Indians on Queen's death. February 2, Lays wreath at Queen's statue …

… were growing numbers of tractors, harvesters and combines on farms, and the area of land under cultivation was … superfluous. The nationalists, having come to power on a strong rural vote, embarked on a process of systematically eliminating the few African …

… to organise campaigns for rural and urban landless people on a national scale. [1] The movement’s demands were for land … for transferring ownership to those living and working on it. [2] Formation The LPM was originally a project of the … claims, building farm workers or residents forums and, on the other hand, activists from movements involved in …

… is descended mainly from Western Europeans who settled on the southern tip of Africa during the middle of the 17th … active Dutch the Cape was the ideal halfway station on the sea route to the East, and the Dutch East India … of Protestantism in South Africa. Government policies on apartheid (separate development of races) were supported …

… Nkosi and Kgalema Montlante are transported with masks on in a car near Manzini in Swaziland to Tim Maseko’s  house … single-storey house opposite Methodist church located high on a hill at the end of a twisting end road, in an area … political prisoner known as Tim Jenkin and Stephen Lee are on the observation deck at the top floor of the Carlton …

… to remake our part of the world into a corner of the globe on which all -- of which all of humanity can be proud." - A … quote from Oliver Tambo speaking at Georgetown University on January 27, 1987. "It is our responsibility to break down … parcel of the same thing." "The fight for freedom must go on until it is won; until our country is free and happy and …

… now it has transpired, has taken most of us by surprise. On Friday afternoon last, the 16th inst, the large barque … signalled the fact of her having a large number of Coolies on board. Considerable apprehension was at once experienced … with cholera and other epidemic evils. But happily on Saturday morning every fear was set at rest by the …

… way for learners to remember more about what they learnt on Mapungubwe. For this activity students will take on the role of a traveler like Marco Polo. They can be taking … traders.   Have the students do a group research project on trade. Have them cover the following topics:   1.       …

… is admitted into the Communist Party of South Africa on probation.  He assists with the sale of the Guardian … of Communism Act, In preparation for Freedom Day on 1 May, a small group made up of Faried Adams, Mosey … Picasso Club members specialized in painting slogans on walls, putting up posters and distributing leaflets. In …

… for that purpose. The Act also established a Commission on Restitution of Land Rights in 1995 under a Chief Land … and acknowledge all claims lodged and advise claimants on the progress of their land claim. Owing to the slow … in 1999. Rather than having to go through the Commission on Restitution of Land Rights claimants were allowed direct …

… and the liberation movement fought simultaneously on four fronts against a new wave of fascist measures that … of the Congress Alliance leadership was either banned, on trial or serving short sentences in prison. The main … of cultural activities”. Verwoerd introduced the bill on Bantu Education to parliament in 1953 with a wordy …

… lived outside the main walls, while the royal family lived on the hill. The king lived in a magnificent palace on the top of the hill. The buildings of great Zimbabwe show … showing how India could be reached from China by sea. On his many travels Marco Polo was often a guest of the great …

… discriminate directly or indirectly against anyone on one or more grounds, including race, gender, sex, … language and birth." The prohibition of discrimination on the grounds of gender, sex, pregnancy and marital status … leaves no doubt that no unfair discrimination based on any feature of being a woman will be tolerated. Key …

… the government regarding the purpose of negotiations lies, on the one hand, in our commitment to constitutionality and a transitional government as soon as possible; and on the other hand, on the ANC's insistence on a unstructured and immediate …

… ambiguous role in the history and affairs of the region. On the one hand they were driven by a strong desire to … social changes which would improve its quality of life. On the other hand they were possessed of a moral … The ability of missionaries to make converts and hold them on their stations also seems to have been somewhat in doubt. …

… involved in organising the Congress of the People  and is on the drafting committee of the Freedom Charter , but is … dropped against the 156 in the Treason Trial. First goes on a secret trip to South West Africa (now Namibia ). On her return she is banned and restricted to Johannesburg …

… Botha's death in 1919. The Pact Government had to work on establishing a new South African identity marking its … to the towns continued.   Many Afrikaners who were still on the land also began to drift into the towns, creating what … curtailed black economic freedom, including a prohibition on forming unions, as the main movements through which the …

… President Samora Moises Machel , was killed in plane crash on 19 October 1986. The death of the President sent … of the apartheid government. Of thirty-four people on board only nine survived the crash. After the crash a … threatened to seal off Mozambique's borders with Malawi. On 7 October 1986, a fter six South African soldiers died in …

… that the most severe consequences of Union were visited on the Black people of South Africa, who were dispossessed … defender of the white working class, most of who relied on a policy of protectionism for white workers and racial … were beginning to realise their collective power, and went on strike at Dutoitspan, Voorspoed and Village Deep mines in …

… of True Afrikaners) was launched in Paarl, Western Cape on 14 August 1875. The society was dedicated to the … brother DF du Toit, Pannevis and Hoogenhout met on 14 August 1875 and formed the GRA. At its first meeting, … Die Afrikaanse Patriot, which was first published on 15 January 1876. The newspaper espoused an anti-English, …

… The following article is based on an essay from Kees van der Waal’s chapter in “Critical Essays on Afrikaans Places of Memory” The term ‘Bantu has gone … It has had both positive and negative meanings, depending on the “historical moment, social positionality and …

… University of the Western Cape Address to Conference on the Alternate Media to Commemorate the Centenary of the Founding of Indian Opinion, 4 June 2003, Durban On 4 June 1903 a very tired but fired up young man worked … home in Sydenham as the last tramcar had long departed. On 5 June again he worked till 11pm - there was an urgency …

… when 34 mineworkers were shot and killed by police while on wage protest at Marikana, North West Province. 1913 A … and policemen, 43 civilians and 39 miners. It took on the dimensions of a revolt when the miners organised … 12 August, African mine workers of the Witwatersrand went on strike in support of a demand for higher wages - 10 …

… day and evening schools.Á‚ There was a Mr Earl?s school on the Isipingo plantation which was attended by both Natives … Governor Keate in Despatch Number 47 of 1867 wrote that on the Reunion Estate a hospital was converted into a schoolroom for Indian children on the estate. 1865 A report ?Native Schools 1865? states …

… the Cape Colony from 1653 until 1822. The changes wrought on African societies by the imposition of European colonial … period of time they engaged with Europeans voluntarily and on their own terms. Most importantly, trade with Europeans … of operations involved a high degree of organisation, on the part of both Europeans and Africans. In other words, …

… march led by the PAC at Sharpeville, the police open fire on the unarmed and peaceful crowd, killing 69 and wounding … 7 June, The Foreign Office of London opened a file on Mandela after he is interviewed for television for the … years, and he announced that the ANC is “closing a chapter on [the] question of non-violent policy”. 26 August, The …

… an effective defense capability. This decision was based on an extensive review the whole country had undertaken to … unit led by then judge Willem Heath and testifies on Schabir Shaik trial. After the parliamentary watchdog Standing Committee on Public Accounts (SCOPA) and the auditor-general report in …

… for influence in Africa, between the US and Western powers on the one hand, and the Soviet Union and Eastern bloc countries on the other. Most of newly independent ex-colonies in Africa … for their oppression. The ANC could also no longer rely on the Soviet Union for economic and military support. By the …

… they, in turn, placed growing demands for land and labour on the local African populations. The Europeans resorted to … local consumer demand and to reduce the nation's reliance on its mining sector by providing incentives for farming and … forcing many black farmers to work as wage labourers on land they had previously owned. When the act was amended …

… could build. When the ANC was formed in Bloemfontein on 8 January 1912, the ink had hardly dried on the paper on which the two white races, the British and the Boers, had …