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… Cape Mandela in Umtata, in his first suit, presented to him by the Paramount Chief of the abaThembu, Jongintaba … Resistance campaign of 1946 and the 1946   Mineworkers  Strike , the ANC Youth League, led by Mandela, Sisulu and … with the policy of non-violent resistance, but was held back by the ANC leadership’s strong advocacy of non-violence. …

… they were being treated for the after-effects of a hunger strike while in detention. They sought refuge at the West German Embassy in Pretoria, South Africa, to protest against detention without trial. The four left the … when the SAYCO leadership secretly crossed the border to meet with the ANC in exile. He was also the Political …

… When he was 15 years old, his parents sent him away to Bophuthatswana to avoid the violence in the township. Soccer was one of his … scouts, who signed him up. In 1991 he was shot in the back while doing shopping in Soweto . Fortunately, no vital …

… increasingly under threat however, as African resistance to the racially based system rapidly escalated. This crisis was brought to a head by the continuing decline of the reserve economies. … that came into power in 1948 offered a hard solution to this crisis. Instead of pursuing what appeared to be the …

… a pleasant white suburb that could be developed on a site to the West of Johannesburg. It was some way out of town, on … - Edith, Gerty, Bertha, Toby, Sol - and called the suburb-to-be Sophiatown after his wife, Sophia. Stands were at first … bought by whites. But Mr Tobiansky's plans were about to be shattered: the Town Council decided that the area next …

… was born on 24 September 1913, in Dublin, Ireland, to Basna and Solomon Malamed.  In 1925, a friend encouraged her to come to South Africa with the promise of employment. … detainees. During this time, Barenblatt went on a hunger strike for eight days. She was only released from prison on …

… educated in South Africa and for a few years was attached to a law firm and was then in the public service in Pretoria … the sedition trial that followed the African mineworkers' strike of 1946 and a member of the central committee of the Communist Party (CPSA) when it decided to dissolve the party in 1950 on the eve of the enactment of …

… Nkrumah wanted to industrialize Ghana within a generation, and everything … used some disgruntled and self-serving Ghanaian soldiers to stage that terrible coup on 24 February 1966. It was a … by the anti-Nkrumah forces, my schoolmates and I were used to demonstrate to the outside world how unpopular Nkrumah was …

… S. C. Pixley, took an interest in him and arranged for him to go the Mount Hermon School in Massachusetts in the USA. Seme did his BA degree at Columbia and then went to Oxford University where he completed a degree in Law. He … the Transvaal SANNC, became deeply involved with two strike actions that paralysed the city of Johannesburg. First …

… Recruitment Manager for the Chamber of Mines, and had come to South Africa from England in the 1890s to seek his fortune on the diamond and gold fields. His … shocked by an incident when travelling on a troopship bound for the Japanese theatre in the Red Sea. An elderly …

… British colonial government and the Voortrekkers managed to defeat him and brought some of the minor chiefdoms under … in Johannesburg. First, municipal sanitary workers went on strike in 1918 in what became known as the “bucket … for African people there is no turning away from modernity back into tradition”. It was no doubt gratifying to Thema …

… in the history of mankind. Their struggle is a challenge to the whole economic and political structure of South … Labour are misappropriated by the whites and applied to the perpetuating of white Domination and supremacy in this country and to the tightening of their stranglehold of oppression and …

… Maputo, warning fellow world leaders there could be "no back-sliding" a …

… the Native College in Grahamstown in the Cape. Hoping to raise money to continue his education overseas, he organised a choir that … after the jailing of sanitary workers in the "bucket strike" of 1918, Letanka was among five African leaders … Gerhart G.M and Karis T. (ed)(1977). From Protest to challenge: A documentary History of African Politics in …

… Making Our Voices Hear: OK Workers Talk About The Strike by SPEAK, 1991 – 1994, Johannesburg …