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… that the hostage-takers demanded the release of ANC political prisoners. This siege was politically motivated and … Apartheid regime was on the verge of giving in to popular political demands, as millions of ordinary people in the … was not part of the negotiations for the release of political prisoners to make way for the negotiated settlement …

… Affairs Department (Anti-CAD) representatives. The political campaigns leading up to the Sharpeville massacre … wing Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) was launched. With all overt political activity being suppressed throughout the 1960s, the … SOYA was an affiliate, underwent a split. With the socio-political environment poisoned by the aftermath of the …

… on supporting one’s own nation.  African nationalism is a political movement for the unification of Africa … nationalism in South Africa can be seen, broadly, as all political actions and ideological elements to improve the … for their freedom. Feature: Garveyism The majority of the political activists of the 1920s - including members of the …

… detention, court appearances and court-speak part of our political culture: “Yes, your worship”, “no, my lord”; “it’s … in the charge sheet) that “industrial, social and economic chaos would result from alterations in the laws … repressive legislation could be construed as a threat to economic stability and if not treasonable, a contravention of …

… to all people of colour, and there was a surge of mass political action by blacks in defiant response. The 1950s … certainly proved to be an important stimulus in their political development across the board. It not only … or creed, as well as to remove their social, legal and economic disabilities. A draft Women's Charter was presented …

… of Black Consciousness The Black People’s Convention , the political wing of the BCM and the counterpart of the South … this context, the decision by BPC to establish a separate political formation was viewed with wariness by the ANC, … drifted apart, forced to devote themselves to individual economic survival. Roseinnes Phahle went on to publish Azania …

… Albertina took her ability to care for others into her political life; she is often described as the “mother of the … People’s Organization ) who was murdered in 1989 for his political actions. They both sought to eliminate Apartheid … she would tend to anyone who needed help regardless of political stance or personal characteristic, demonstrating …

… and white supremacist rule in general. SASO took its political message to High Schools. However, it was still a … tradition by Joe Gqabi. The 1976 uprising raised the political awareness of students and introduced a renewed … financial support of AZAPO, it carved out an independent political position by recognising AZAPO one of a range of …

… freedom provided he unconditionally rejected violence as a political instrument. 10 February, Zindziwe Mandela read out … condition that ‘he unconditionally rejected violence as a political weapon’. 10 February, Nelson Mandela turns down the … The Group leave the country immediately and recommend that economic sanctions against South Africa be increased and …

… or their roles overlooked. Yusuf Dadoo left a formidable political legacy, covering a number of fields spanning the … and xenophobia. The labels might be different and the political conjuncture significantly changed but the … a great deal of interest amongst academics, students and political organisations especially amongst trade unions and …

… the 1930s the Afrikaner Broederbond became increasingly political, creating several public front organisations - … evolved into a highly influential 'secret' society. Its political influence became apparent in 1934 when JBM Hertzog … as the South African Agricultural Union (SAAU), which had political power and were opposed to a further escalation of …

… CPSA or any group or individual intending to bring about political, economic, industrial and social change through the promotion … Campaign in 1952 was the first large-scale, multi-racial political mobilization against apartheid laws under a common …

… While the organization’s early period was characterized by political inertia due to power struggles and lack of … to dissent by Black people and brutal crackdown of political activists, the ANC together with the SACP formed a …

… with many post-colonial states, Angola was left with both economic and social difficulties which translated into a … of Portuguese descendents and came from privileged socio-economic standings.  This was not entirely incorrect, as MPLA … itself firmly as a Marxist-Leninist party, pursuing a economic communism.  The result of this, however, was …

… Land and labour are two very important elements of the economic development of a society, and the way they are used …

… student protests were rife, the government clamped down on political activity, seriously curtailing any political mobilisation. Soweto, the epicentre of the June … In October all Black Consciousness Movement (BCM) aligned political, cultural and student formations, along with the …

… known as the Congress Alliance. It also served to sustain political activity after the curbing of the Defiance Campaign and to develop and strengthen political organisation by broadening the geographical and … social bases of the liberation movement and raising the political consciousness of the masses by offering a vision of …

… 1990 the  National Party  (NP) government unbanned political parties and began a process of releasing political prisoners, detainees and unbanning political activists. This resulted in the negotiations for …

… unity. The plays generally did provide some historical and political context, but in it’s early days the focus was … worker resistance in response to the declining wages and economic stagnation of the second half of the decade. The … aesthetics. [xxi]  There were clear political and economic causes to the decline of a worker culture. After the …

… dates back to the early 1600s, as a standpoint for the political and social understanding of Xhosa society. [2] … and strategically according to their political, social and economic needs. The Xhosa occupied the region of territory … the Europeans as a part of their political, social and economic network; but this did not align with the interests …

… The Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP) is a South African political organization, established by Chief Gatsha … and created a platform for Buthelezi to advance his political ambitions. Buthelezi used the name Inkhata which … him. This movement was later constituted as the non racial political party, IFP. The headquarters of the IFP were in …

… of the Anti Coloured Affairs Department (CAD) political formations.   It appealed for a rethink on … Party (PP). APDUSA was particularly concerned that political formations, historically antagonistic to apartheid, … Along with van der Roos, APDUSA listed other Coloured political formations that had been co-opted by the apartheid …

… In his speech he openly criticises the ANC’s policy of political alliances. 25 August, Chief Mangosuthu Buthelezi … all races in South Africa to decide the country's future political direction. The idea is rejected by John Vorster the … sovereign and democratic’. 28 October, Ahmed Timo l, a political activist and member of the banned South African …

… students who began to analyze and criticise the unhealthy political situation in the country. At Wentworth, Natal … of 1970s SASO began to assert its ideological stance and political objectives. The organization had grown in … student support and assertiveness of the independent political organisation. As a result, during the first SASO …

… means that this exhibition has undeniable historical and political value. This is not disputed. But should Mnyele, or … work. Instead, the curators have located his oeuvre in a political rather than an art narrative. As a result they … raid on the Medu Art Ensemble (a Botswana-based cultural-political organisation) by the South African Defence Force in …

… of multi-racial contacts in urban areas, combined with economic difficulties and backed by the system of migratory … for they are not supposed to ally themselves with any political party. Their duty and our duty now is to strengthen … form is not possible. General Smuts with his sharp political eye saw the new political situation developing …

… and technicalities of transition and a changeover of political leadership were clarified. At the end of the … would not be able to address and change the major socio-economic, structural and institutional problems facing the … to be based on power-sharing to ensure stability and economic growth. Deviation from this model would require the …

… draconian legislations enforcing social, residential and political segregation. It is against this background that … Before the introduction of Apartheid, there were existing political organisations like the African People Organisation … the relationship between Coloured organisations and other political organisations confronted by the same challenges, …

… funding to victims of apartheid laws, especially political prisoners and their families. It was in the trials … 1956 in fact had precursors, in groups that began funding political prisoners in 1952 during the Defiance Campaign . … Collins to organise a more permanent structure to defend political prisoners. Collins responded by establishing the …