SAHO global search

… The South West African People's Organisation (SWAPO) was founded in Windhoek, South … SWAPO emerged as the sole liberation movement in the early 1960s because it had the support of the Ovambo, the largest … were carried out by SWAPO’s guerrilla force, the People’s Liberation Army of Namibia (PLAN). Beginning in 1978 …

… resorted to the use of live ammunition, a number of people (both children and adults) were either maimed or … time working to unite and rebuild the nation. Some Black people wanted harsh penalties for the perpetrators of … noted that he had actually "witnessed so many incredible people who, despite experiencing atrocity and tragedy, have …

… NO DEFENCE! NO FINE!" The PAC argued that if thousands of people were arrested, then the jails would be filled and the … and that the PAC saw it as the first step in Black people's bid for total independence and freedom by 1963 (Cape … Expenditure on Bantu Education increased from the late 1960s, once the apartheid Nationalist government saw the need …

… structures and networks of the ANC and the PAC.   The 1960s were characterized by a shift in the terrain of … of underground networks in the first half of the 1960s the apartheid state passed a range of security laws … on 7 March 1968. After the Paarl Rebellion in 1962, 400 people were arrested. Subsequently, six trials involving 75 …

… was formed in 1960. This small group of about eleven people, though non-racial in character was a predominantly …

… Convention, the Indian Congress and the Coloured African People's Organisation. In 1946 the CPSA and the African Mine … The relationship between the ANC and the SACP in the 1960s was not always a close one. In fact after 1962 Nelson … the same forms of suppression and infiltration in the 1960s. After the Lilliesleaf Farm Raid and Operation Mayibuye …

… background, and what the world was like in the 1960s. This will help us contextualise the Black … 'big picture') towards the end of the 1980s. During the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s, world politics was dominated by the … institutions. Civil society groups consist of ordinary people who take collective action around shared aims, …

… of a state of emergency, the arrest of thousands of Black people and the banning of the ANC and PAC convinced the …

… was a new source of resistance that had arisen in the late 1960s among students who formed the student body the South … The movement increased in significance when the Black People's Convention (BPC) was established in 1972. A number … National Indian Council set up by the government in the 1960s had been scorned by prominent Indian leaders although …

… police opened fire on the unarmed protestors killing 69 people and injuring close to 200 others in what became known … forced many of ASA leaders to go to exile in the early 1960s. Once in exile, the ANC elders in London asked Mbeki to …

… members were excluded from the hall. This group of people resolved to break away from the ANC and form a … at police stations and present themselves for arrest. People responded in large numbers particularly in … places. In Sharpeville, the police opened fire killing 69 people and injuring 180 others. Subsequent to this, the PAC …

… controlled the movements and economic activities of Black people.  The goal of the Afrikaner National Party was not … to white farmers. From 1960 to 1994, more than 3.5-million people were deliberately and forcibly removed from their … College on Salisbury Island in Durban Bay in the early 1960s. Student numbers grew rapidly and in 1971 full …

… came from two sides. On the one hand, there were the people of the African National Congress and the Pan …

… to control the movement of African, Coloured and Indian people, ensuring the provision of a cheap labour source and … 21st March that came to represent the struggle of Black people against the unjust system of apartheid. Why … of World War II and continued growing into the 1950s and 1960s. In response to this growth and increased employment …

… Mr. Derek Thompson were hacked to death in their caravans. People across the country became fearful and the government … fell apart. The PAC in exile (1976-1983) In the 1960s there were conflicts in South Africa between the government and the groups representing black people. The period after 1976 witnessed increased …

… and expressing disdain at continued subjugation of black people. For instance, on 16 December 1929 anti pass … people in South Africa. However, in the 1950s and early 1960s the South African government reinforced repressive … the struggle for freedom and equality. In the early 1960s the ANC, the SACP, COD, CPC and the SA  C mooted the …

… was known as the 'Malay location' because most of the people who lived there were 'coloured', 'cape coloured' or … therefore became an integrated community of people, including those of various racial descent, religions … its heyday between 1945 and 1960. To read more about the people, politics, legislation and removals during this period …

… transform South Africa into a new, free country where people now have a voice and freedom from the government. The … apartheid. The government refused to negotiate with Black people throughout their supremacy from 1948-1994. This made the people of South Africa take action and protest for freedom. …

… Africans. The Liberation Struggle in South Africa from the 1960s to the 1990s gave rise to a number of schools of … of community art centres as the building blocks of a new people-centred non-racial cultural practice, the … the status quo, i.e. buying into the racial theories about people developing their own separated cultural practices, or …

… it was Poqo’s avowed policy to attack and kill Black people who were some way or another linked to the state. For … influx control which was a source of irritation among the people gave Poqo an entry point. The organisation offered to … 61 of the 101 people executed for political crimes in the 1960s were affiliated to the PAC. Reaction of the PAC to Poqo …

… For more than 95% of the last 100 000 years, most people all over the world followed a hunting and gathering way of life. Until recently, people living by hunting and gathering could still be found … outside influences until about thirty years ago. In the 1960s, the Department of Nature Conservation began to take …

… to a South African Museum 1950       Several thousand San people were still hunting large game with poisoned arrows and …

… legislation, and sheer brute force. The period from the 1960s to the 1980s was punctuated by the enactment of … Pretoria Central Prison. Two decades in particular – the 1960s and the 1980s – witnessed many political executions. … fired on the crowd of unarmed protestors, killing 69 people and injuring 180.  As tension mounted, the government …

… and friendly socialist countries. The latter part of the 1960s witnessed attempts by the African National Congress … on the government from outside the country. By the mid-1960s Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) , the military wing of the ANC, … the Internal Security Act gave police powers to detain people without trial for a renewable period of ninety days. …

… 1930s continued after World War II and into the 1950s and 1960s. What was seen as backward and uneconomic methods of … that between 1960 and 1983 approximately 1.1 million people were removed from White rural areas to the reserves … ownership rights and land sizes were further reduced and people were once again forcibly removed. In addition, the …

… late in 1960 by a small group consisting of about 11 people, including Monty Berman and Lang.  While the party … 1962 and 1963 the NCL focused predominantly on recruiting people from across the country.  In mid-1962 Adrian Leftwich … became one of its leading figures, recruiting a number of people to the NCL.  Randolf Vigne, vice chairman of the LPSA, …

… of 15,” he told the audience in Zurich. In South Africa, people of all races erupted in simultaneous, raucous … contact with formal resistance politics. In the 1950s and 1960s, the daunting obstacles faced by African footballers in … an active role. (Women's football started in the early 1960s, but gained acceptance only after the end of …

… of this promising wealth was that a great number of people left their farms, rural homes and other towns in South … not only gold seekers. From its early beginnings, some people realised the potential benefits of opening a business … townships experiences very high levels of crime during the 1960s and 1970s. The last group of townships to be …

… During the 1960s most of Africa’s countries had gained independence … by white South Africa. In 1964, South West Africa People’s Organisation (SWAPO) was formed. SWAPO was mainly a … (PLAN), and an armed insurrection started. During the 1960s, Angola was a Portuguese Colony and that meant that any …

… People as historical sources People can be great sources of information. By speaking to people we can learn about the past. Learners are also sources … Learning about history through people: oral history …