This is the seventh address in the Hoernle Memorial Lecture series deliverd by Dr. H.J. Van Eck. He describes very clearly the economic conditions in South Africa at the time and specifically makes mention of the industrial development in particular the mining, timber and textile industries; the advances in education; the development in the housing schemes; and the improvements made in social services for Natives such as children's allowances, grants and pensions. The author has displayed that with these material achievements accomplished thus far, there should be improvements made to the race relations of South Africa.